Cuprorivaite/Hardystonite/Alginate Composite Hydrogel with Thermionic Effect for the Treatment of Peri-implant Lesion

The peri-implant lesion is a grave condition afflicting numerous individuals with dental implants. It results from persistent periodontal bacteria accumulation causing inflammation around the implant site, which can primarily lead to implant loosening and ultimately implant loss. Early-stage peri-implant lesions exhibit symptoms akin to gum disease, including swelling, redness, and bleeding of the gums surrounding the implant. These signs indicate infection and inflammation of the peri-implant tissues, which may result in bone loss and implant failure. To address this problem, a thermionic strategy was applied by designing a Cuprorivaite-Hardystonite bioceramic/alginate composite hydrogel with photothermal and Cu/Zn/Si multiple ions releasing properties. This innovative approach creates a thermionic effect by the release of bioactive ions (Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ and Si0₃²“) from the composite hydrogel and the mild heat environment through the photothermal effect of the composite hydrogel induced by near-infrared light irradiation. The most distinctive advantage of this thermionic effect is to substantially eliminate periodontal pathogenic bacteria and inhibit inflammation, while simultaneously enhancing peri-implant osseointegration. This unique attribute renders the use of this composite hydrogel highly effective in significantly improving the survival rate of implants after intervention in peri-implant lesions, which is a clinical challenge in periodontics. This study reveals the application potential of a new biomaterial-based approach for peri-implant lesion, as it not only eliminates infection and inflammation but also enhances thè osteointegration of the dental implant, which provides theoretical insights and practical guidance to prevent and manage early-stage peri-implant lesions using bioactive functional materials.

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